Ethics Policy

Manuscripts submitted to Ensayos Revista de Economía shall not be simultaneously under consideration for evaluation, peer review, or publication in other scientific journals, books, publishers, or academic venues. Submission of a manuscript to Ensayos Revista de Economía implies acceptance of the journal’s editorial guidelines and compliance with the Code of Ethics and Editorial Policies established by the journal.

 

1. Research Integrity

Ensayos Revista de Economía recognizes that scientific knowledge must be constructed and communicated responsibly. In this regard, it ensures that each published manuscript reflects research conducted in accordance with ethical, methodological, and academic principles, thereby guaranteeing the quality, reliability, and traceability of the results presented.

Responsibility for the content of manuscripts, the veracity of the data, the originality of the research, the interpretations made, and the conclusions reached rests exclusively with the authors.

The journal rejects any practice that compromises the reliability of the scientific record, including plagiarism, self-plagiarism, data fabrication or falsification, result manipulation, citation manipulation, redundant publication, and any other conduct contrary to academic and scientific ethics.

The principles established in this Code of Ethics guide the actions of authors, reviewers, editors, and other participants in the editorial process, constituting the framework of reference for the evaluation and management of possible situations related to scientific integrity.

 

2. Editorial Transparency

Ensayos Revista de Economía recognizes editorial transparency as a fundamental principle for guaranteeing the trust, credibility, and legitimacy of the scientific evaluation, editing, and publication processes.

The journal commits to maintaining clear, accessible, and timely communication with authors, reviewers, and readers, as well as to providing complete and up-to-date information on its editorial operations, policies, regulations, and publication procedures. In order to strengthen trust in the editorial process, the journal guarantees:

  • Clear communication of its editorial processes, evaluation criteria, and publication procedures.
  • Permanent public availability of its editorial policies, code of ethics, regulations, and other documents governing its operation.
  • Periodic updating of the institutional, editorial, and operational information available on the journal’s website.
  • Direct, respectful, and timely attention to authors, reviewers, readers, and other actors involved in the editorial process.
  • Transparency, consistency, and impartiality in editorial decision-making.
  • Editorial independence from personal, institutional, commercial, or any other interests that may affect the objectivity of the editorial process.

The journal will ensure that all decisions regarding the evaluation, acceptance, rejection, correction, or retraction of manuscripts are made transparently, objectively, and consistently with the established editorial policies.

 

3. Ethical Responsibilities of Authors

Authors play a fundamental role in the generation and communication of scientific knowledge. In this regard, Ensayos Revista de Economía expects that all individuals who submit manuscripts for evaluation will act with academic honesty, scientific commitment, and adherence to the ethical principles governing scientific research and publication.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that the works submitted to the journal constitute original, unpublished research conducted with methodological rigor, scientific integrity, and respect for intellectual property. Based on these principles, authors commit to:

  • Presenting original, unpublished manuscripts that have not been previously published and are not simultaneously under consideration for evaluation in another journal or publication system.
  • Guaranteeing the veracity, integrity, and accuracy of the data, results, analyses, and interpretations presented in their research.
  • Adequately acknowledging third parties' intellectual contributions through appropriate citations and bibliographic references.
  • Obtaining the necessary authorizations for the use of materials subject to copyright or any other legal or ethical restriction.
  • Complying with the journal's editorial policies, author guidelines, and other provisions.
  • Transparently declaring any situation that may generate conflicts of interest or influence the interpretation of research results.
  • Informing the sources of funding, institutional support, or any other form of sponsorship related to the presented research.
  • Addressing, within the time period assigned by the journal, the observations, requests for information, and requirements made during the editorial and peer-review process.
  • Notifying the journal of any error identified in the manuscript during evaluation or after publication, and collaborating in the adoption of appropriate corrective measures.

The journal may request information, documentation, or supplementary materials when necessary to verify methodological consistency, data integrity, traceability of results, or any other aspect related to the scientific evaluation of the manuscript. In such cases, authors shall provide the required information in a timely manner, provided that this does not contravene applicable legal, contractual, or ethical provisions.

 

4. Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers

Reviewers play an essential role in ensuring the quality, integrity, and scientific rigor of manuscripts submitted for evaluation. For this reason, Ensayos Revista de Economía expects that evaluations will be conducted with objectivity, impartiality, confidentiality, and respect toward authors.

To promote consistent and transparent evaluations, the journal makes the editorial policies, reviewer guidelines, and evaluation criteria available to reviewers that guide the peer-review process. Likewise, reviewers shall issue their assessments based on academic, methodological, and scientific criteria. Their observations, recommendations, and decisions shall be supported by clear, consistent arguments grounded in the content of the manuscript under evaluation. Based on these principles, reviewers commit to:

  • Evaluating manuscripts objectively, impartially, and independently, without allowing personal, institutional, ideological, or commercial interests to influence their academic judgment.
  • Maintaining the confidentiality of manuscripts, associated materials, and all information obtained during the review process.
  • Refraining from using, sharing, or disclosing information contained in manuscripts under evaluation prior to their publication.
  • Timely notifying the journal of any situation that may generate conflicts of interest or affect the objectivity of the evaluation.
  • Identifying potential indications of plagiarism, self-plagiarism, redundant publication, data manipulation, or other conduct inconsistent with scientific integrity.
  • Issuing respectful, constructive observations and recommendations supported by scientific arguments.
  • Clearly communicating the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for improvement identified in the manuscript.
  • Respecting the evaluation deadlines established by the journal and promptly communicating any circumstances that prevent compliance with the agreed timelines.
  • Declining the evaluation invitation when they lack the necessary expertise or when conditions exist that compromise the independence of their academic judgment.

The participation of reviewers strengthens the scientific quality, editorial transparency, and reliability of the knowledge published by the journal.

 

5. Ethical Responsibilities of Editors

Editors play a fundamental role in the management, supervision, and continuous improvement of Ensayos Revista de Economía's editorial processes. Consequently, they are responsible for promoting scientific quality, editorial transparency, and compliance with the ethical principles that guide academic publication.

In this regard, editorial decisions shall be based on academic, scientific, and ethical criteria. Likewise, editors shall make their decisions with independence, impartiality, and respect toward authors, reviewers, and other participants in the editorial process. Based on these principles, editors commit to:

  • Evaluating manuscripts objectively and impartially, without discrimination on grounds of nationality, gender, religion, institutional affiliation, ideological orientation, academic position, or any other condition unrelated to the scientific quality of the submitted work.
  • Consistently applying the editorial policies, publication guidelines, and ethical provisions established by the journal.
  • Guaranteeing the confidentiality of manuscripts, review reports, and communications related to the editorial process.
  • Properly managing conflicts of interest that may arise during evaluation, review, or editorial decision-making.
  • Selecting reviewers with experience and knowledge appropriate to the subject matter of the manuscripts submitted for evaluation.
  • Maintaining clear, respectful, and timely communication with authors, reviewers, and other participants in the editorial process.
  • Ensuring the integrity, quality, and reliability of the scientific record published by the journal.
  • Promoting transparent editorial processes based on verifiable academic criteria.
  • Diligently addressing possible complaints or indications of scientific or editorial misconduct.
  • Adopting appropriate corrective measures when errors, ethical violations, or situations that may affect the reliability of publications are identified.

Editors shall act in the interests of scientific integrity and the advancement of knowledge in Economics and Finance, preserving the credibility, independence, and academic quality of the journal.

 

6. Authorship and Contributions

Ensayos Revista de Economía recognizes authorship as an expression of intellectual responsibility for published content. Consequently, the proper identification of authors and their contributions is a fundamental element in ensuring transparency, scientific integrity, and fair recognition of academic participation in each manuscript.

All individuals included as authors shall have made substantial contributions to the development of the research and assume responsibility for the content of the submitted work.

6.1. Co-authorship Responsibility

The status of co-author implies acceptance of shared responsibilities regarding the quality, integrity, and reliability of the manuscript. Therefore, all co-authors shall be aware of the final version of the work, approve its submission to the journal, and agree to its publication if accepted.

Likewise, co-authors shall guarantee that their contributions are authentic and that the manuscript complies with the journal's ethical principles.

The inclusion of a person as author or co-author without their consent constitutes a practice contrary to scientific and editorial ethics, which the journal does not permit.

6.2. Authorship Contribution Statement

To promote transparency in academic participation, the journal will require an individual statement of each author's contributions. Contributions shall be described clearly and verifiably using the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) system, as required in the Author Guidelines.

The contribution statement will allow identification of each author’s specific contributions to activities such as research conceptualization, data acquisition and analysis, methodological development, manuscript writing, critical review of content, and other academic activities related to the study.

6.3. Changes in Authorship After Submission

Changes in authorship constitute exceptional situations that may affect the transparency and traceability of academic contributions associated with a manuscript. In this regard, Ensayos Revista de Economía establishes criteria to ensure that any modification of authorship is carried out in a justified, transparent manner and in accordance with the principles of scientific integrity.

In this context, any request to add, remove, or reorder authorship shall be submitted prior to approval of the final version of the manuscript for publication. Based on these principles, authorship change requests shall:

  • Be submitted in writing and be duly justified.
  • Include the express consent of all authors involved.
  • Clearly describe the requested modification and the reasons supporting it.
  • Provide additional information or documentation when required by the journal to evaluate the appropriateness of the request.

The journal will not permit authorship changes after the final version of the manuscript is approved for publication, except in exceptional and duly substantiated circumstances. The final decision on the acceptance or rejection of any authorship change shall rest with the editorial team, in accordance with the journal’s editorial policies and principles of scientific integrity.

 

7. Conflicts of Interest

Ensayos Revista de Economía recognizes the importance of properly identifying, declaring, and managing conflicts of interest to preserve the objectivity, independence, and credibility of scientific research and editorial processes. In this regard, the journal promotes the identification, disclosure, and transparent management of any situation that could influence the academic judgment of authors, reviewers, or editors.

Conflict of interest shall be understood as any personal, professional, academic, institutional, financial, commercial, or other relationship that influences the impartiality of research, the evaluation of a manuscript, or editorial decision-making. Based on these principles, authors, reviewers, and editors shall:

  • Timely declaration of any actual or potential conflict of interest related to the manuscript or to the activities they perform within the editorial process.
  • Report any personal, professional, academic, institutional, commercial, or financial relationship that may compromise the independence, objectivity, or impartiality of their actions.
  • Refrain from participating in evaluation or decision-making processes when a situation exists that affects the objectivity of their academic judgment.
  • Collaborate with the journal to identify and manage conflicts of interest detected at any stage of the editorial process.

The journal will evaluate each situation individually and adopt the necessary measures to preserve the transparency, impartiality, and integrity of the editorial process. Among other actions, it may:

  • Request additional information,
  • Appoint new reviewers,
  • Reassign editorial responsibilities, or
  • Implement appropriate measures to avoid bias or undue influence.

7.1 Conflicts of Interest of Authors

Authors shall be required to declare any conflicts of interest related to the submitted research. In this regard, the declaration shall be made during the manuscript submission process and included at the end of the manuscript, before the bibliographic references. Based on these principles, authors shall:

  • Declare any personal, academic, institutional, professional, commercial, or financial relationship related to the submitted research.
  • Report funding sources, institutional support, or sponsorships linked to the study.
  • Communicate any situation that affects the objectivity, independence, or interpretation of research results.
  • Keep information related to conflicts of interest up to date throughout the editorial process.
  • Collaborate with the journal when additional information is required to evaluate the nature or scope of a declared conflict of interest.

The declaration of conflicts of interest is a mandatory requirement for all manuscripts submitted for evaluation. When no conflict of interest exists, authors shall expressly state this in the corresponding declaration.

7.2 Conflicts of Interest of Reviewers

Reviewers play a fundamental role in the scientific evaluation of manuscripts. Consequently, the independence, objectivity, and impartiality of their reports are essential to ensuring the quality, transparency, and credibility of the peer-review process. For this reason, reviewers shall report any situation that may affect, or may be perceived as affecting, the objectivity of their evaluation. Based on these principles, reviewers shall:

  • Declare any personal, academic, institutional, professional, commercial, or financial relationship that may influence the evaluation of the assigned manuscript.
  • Refrain from participating in review processes when circumstances compromise the independence or impartiality of your academic judgment.
  • Promptly notify the journal of any situation identified before or during the evaluation process that may pose an actual or potential conflict of interest.
  • Collaborate with the journal in adopting necessary measures to preserve the objectivity and transparency of the peer-review process.
  • Maintain ethical and independent conduct throughout all stages of scientific evaluation.

The journal will analyze each situation individually and adopt appropriate measures to guarantee the impartiality, transparency, and integrity of the evaluation process.

 

8. Confidentiality of the Editorial and Peer-Review Process

Ensayos Revista de Economía recognizes confidentiality as a fundamental principle for guaranteeing the integrity, independence, transparency, and credibility of the editorial and peer-review process. All information generated, received, or managed during the various stages of evaluation, review, editing, and publication shall be treated as confidential by authors, reviewers, editors, and other participants in the editorial process.

The journal will endeavor to protect the confidentiality of manuscripts submitted for evaluation, review reports, editorial communications, supplementary materials, and any unpublished information related to submitted works. Based on these principles, authors, reviewers, and editors shall:

  • Preserve the confidentiality of manuscripts submitted for evaluation and all information associated with the editorial process.
  • Protect the confidentiality of reports, observations, recommendations, and other documents generated during peer review.
  • Maintain secrecy regarding editorial communications exchanged during the various stages of evaluation, review, editing, and publication.
  • Refrain from disclosing, sharing, reproducing, or using unpublished information obtained through their participation in the editorial process.
  • Use received information exclusively for academic and editorial purposes related to the corresponding manuscript.
  • Promptly inform the journal of any situation that may compromise the confidentiality of the editorial process.

The obligation of confidentiality shall remain throughout the editorial process and shall continue after the completion of the evaluation or publication of the corresponding manuscript.

 

9. Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence

9.1 General Principles

Ensayos Revista de Economía recognizes that generative artificial intelligence tools may constitute support resources for certain activities related to scientific research, manuscript preparation, and editorial management. However, their use shall be carried out ethically, transparently, and responsibly, at all times preserving scientific integrity, academic quality, and the reliability of the communicated knowledge.

In this regard, the journal recognizes that the intellectual, methodological, analytical, and scientific responsibility for research corresponds exclusively to the individuals who participate in its development. Consequently, generative artificial intelligence tools may not be considered authors, co-authors, reviewers, or responsible for editorial decisions. Based on these principles, authors, reviewers, and editors shall:

  • Use generative artificial intelligence tools responsibly and in a manner consistent with the journal's principles of scientific integrity.
  • Transparently declare any use of generative artificial intelligence tools for the preparation, evaluation, or editorial management of manuscripts, in accordance with the journal's provisions.
  • Ensure that the use of these tools does not substitute for the critical analysis, academic reasoning, scientific interpretation, or intellectual responsibility of the individuals involved in the editorial process.
  • Verify the accuracy, relevance, and reliability of any content generated or assisted by generative artificial intelligence tools.
  • Preserve the confidentiality of manuscripts, reports, editorial communications, and unpublished information during any interaction with generative artificial intelligence tools.
  • Act transparently regarding the scope and purpose of using these tools at any stage of the editorial process.

The journal may request clarifications or additional information when necessary to verify the nature, scope, or transparency of the use of generative artificial intelligence tools during any stage of the editorial process.

9.2. Permitted Uses Subject to Express Declaration

The journal permits the use of generative artificial intelligence tools when they are used as complementary support and do not substitute for the intellectual, methodological, or scientific responsibility of the authors. Among other uses compatible with the principles of scientific integrity promoted by the journal are:

  • Grammar, spelling, and style correction.
  • Translation or linguistic support to improve the manuscript's clarity and comprehension.
  • Support in the preliminary organization of content or writing structures.
  • Support in auxiliary tasks of programming, processing, or information analysis under human supervision.
  • Preparation of outlines, diagrams, or graphic support resources, duly identified when applicable.
  • Preliminary summarization of the literature or scientific information to support the authors’ work process.
  • Other activities that are compatible with the principles of transparency, scientific integrity, and human responsibility are consistent with the journal's Code of Ethics and Editorial Policies.

9.3 Uses Not Accepted by the Journal

The journal does not accept the use of generative artificial intelligence tools when such use compromises scientific integrity, the transparency of the editorial process, or the reliability of the knowledge communicated. Practices not accepted by the journal include:

  • Fabrication, falsification, or manipulation of data, results, or scientific evidence.
  • The generation of scientific conclusions presented as the result of analysis performed by the authors, when such conclusions have not been verified and validated by them.
  • Creation or incorporation of nonexistent, inaccurate, or unverified bibliographic references.
  • Deceptive manipulation of images, figures, tables, or other research materials.
  • Presentation of content generated by artificial intelligence as if it were the exclusive product of the authors’ intellectual work.
  • Use of generative artificial intelligence tools without the required declaration when such use must be declared under the journal’s policies.
  • Incorporation of manuscripts submitted for evaluation, reports, editorial communications, or any other confidential information into external platforms or tools that may compromise the confidentiality of the editorial process.
  • Designation of generative artificial intelligence tools as authors or co-authors of manuscripts.

The journal will evaluate each situation involving the use of generative artificial intelligence on an individual basis, in accordance with the principles of transparency, scientific integrity, academic responsibility, and international best practices in scientific publication.

 

10. Conduct Contrary to Scientific Ethics

Ensayos Revista de Economía recognizes that scientific integrity is an essential element for guaranteeing the reliability, credibility, and quality of academic knowledge. In this regard, the journal rejects any practice that compromises the originality of research, the veracity of results, the transparency of editorial processes, or trust in the scientific record.

Authors, reviewers, and editors shall act in accordance with the principles of academic honesty, transparency, responsibility, and respect for intellectual property. The journal does not tolerate conduct that violates these principles.

10.1. Plagiarism and Self-Plagiarism

The journal rejects any form of plagiarism or self-plagiarism. Authors shall adequately acknowledge the intellectual contributions of third parties through complete, correct, and relevant bibliographic citations and references, in accordance with the journal’s Author Guidelines.

Likewise, the total or partial reuse of texts, data, figures, tables, results, or any other previously published content without proper identification, attribution, or academic justification is not permitted.

10.2. Citation Manipulation

The journal does not permit practices that artificially inflate the number of citations for specific authors, journals, institutions, or publications without academic justification related to the research content.

Bibliographic citations shall be selected exclusively on the criteria of relevance, pertinence, and contribution to the manuscript's development. Every incorporated citation shall be directly related to the developed content and have its corresponding bibliographic reference prepared in accordance with the journal’s Author Guidelines.

10.3. Fabrication, Falsification, or Manipulation of Data

The journal rejects the fabrication, falsification, alteration, or deliberate omission of data, results, evidence, or scientific information used during the development of research.

The data, analyses, and interpretations presented in manuscripts shall faithfully reflect the procedures and results obtained during the conducted research.

10.4. Duplicate or Redundant Publication

The journal does not permit duplicate, redundant, or fragmented publication of previously published research when such practices generate a misleading representation of scientific output or academic contribution.

Manuscripts submitted for evaluation shall be original and unpublished, with clearly identifiable contributions to the scientific community.

10.5. Other Unethical Practices

The journal rejects any conduct that is contrary to the principles of scientific integrity and editorial ethics. Among others, the following are considered incompatible with good scientific and editorial practices:

    • Manipulation of evaluation or peer-review processes.
    • Undue attribution of authorship or co-authorship.
    • Inaccurate or misleading declaration of authorship contributions.
    • Deceptive use of generative artificial intelligence tools.
    • Failure to comply with the journal's confidentiality principles.
    • Any other practice that affects the transparency, reliability, credibility, or integrity of the editorial process and scientific research.

 

11. Actions in Case of Misconduct Detection

Ensayos Revista de Economía recognizes the importance of promptly, objectively, and impartially addressing any situation that may compromise scientific integrity, editorial transparency, or the reliability of published knowledge. Therefore, the journal will analyze possible ethical violations identified before, during, or after the manuscript evaluation and publication process.

Any situation related to possible scientific or editorial misconduct will be evaluated confidentially, objectively, and proportionally, taking into account the nature of the facts, the available information, and the particular circumstances of each case.

11.1. Investigation of Possible Violations and Request for Clarifications

Should indications of any conduct described in section 10 of this Code of Ethics be identified, the Editor-in-Chief shall form an investigative committee to analyze the facts and evaluate the case.

The committee shall be composed of three members selected from among the members of the journal's Editorial Board and Scientific Advisory Board. None of them shall have participated in the editorial evaluation, peer review, or decision-making related to the manuscript under analysis.

To ensure an objective and impartial evaluation, the committee will collect and analyze the information, documentation, or evidence necessary to fully understand the facts under investigation. When necessary, the committee will request clarifications, supplementary information, or additional documentation from the authors, reviewers, editors, or any other individual involved in the situation under analysis.

The parties involved shall have the opportunity to provide information they consider relevant to contribute to the objective analysis of the facts. The committee will issue a report to the Editor-in-Chief, including the corresponding conclusions and recommendations, in accordance with the principles of scientific integrity, editorial transparency, and impartiality.

11.2. Actions and Measures to Be Implemented

Once the corresponding analysis has been concluded, the journal will adopt the editorial measures necessary to preserve scientific integrity, editorial transparency, and the reliability of the academic record. Decisions will be adopted in light of the nature of the case, the available evidence, and the principles of proportionality, objectivity, and impartiality. Depending on the nature and severity of the facts analyzed, the journal may implement one or more of the following measures:

      • Request for clarifications, corrections, or supplementary documentation.
      • Temporary suspension of the editorial process while the corresponding investigation is conducted.
      • Rejection of the manuscript submitted for evaluation.
      • Publication of corrections, clarifications, or errata when applicable.
      • Issuance of editorial expressions of concern.
      • Retraction of published articles when the scientific integrity of the content is compromised.
      • Notification to the institutions, funding bodies, or other entities involved when the nature of the case so justifies.
      • Temporary suspension of the receipt of new manuscripts from the authors involved for a period of six months to one year.

11.3. Communication with the Parties Involved

The Editor-in-Chief will inform the adopted decisions when relevant and compatible with the principles of confidentiality, transparency, and scientific integrity that guide their editorial actions.

 

12. Ethical Considerations in Research Involving Human Subjects and Personal Data

Ensayos Revista de Economía recognizes the importance of protecting the rights, privacy, and confidentiality of individuals participating in scientific research. Consequently, when the nature of the research requires it, authors shall ensure compliance with applicable ethical, legal, and institutional principles.

Studies involving human subjects, personal information, or sensitive data shall be conducted in accordance with the principles of voluntary participation, informed consent, confidentiality, and personal data protection. When applicable, authors shall have the authorizations, approvals, or endorsements issued by the ethics committees or competent bodies responsible for supervising the research.

The journal may request additional information when necessary to verify compliance with ethical principles regarding the participation of human subjects, personal data protection, or the ethical oversight of the research.

 

13. Correction of the Scientific Record

Correction actions shall be implemented transparently, proportionally, and in accordance with the nature of the identified facts, with the aim of preserving the integrity of academic knowledge and readers' right to access reliable information.

When applicable, errata, corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions will be published by the journal as independent editorial documents, clearly identified according to their nature and permanently linked to the corresponding article. These publications shall form part of the journal’s scientific record and shall be available for consultation by the academic community.

13.1 Errata

Errata shall be used to correct minor errors detected after publication that do not affect the interpretation, scientific validity, results, or conclusions of the article.

Among other cases, errata may be used to correct typographical, spelling, or formatting errors, institutional affiliations, author identifications, or any other information whose correction does not modify the scientific content of the publication.

13.2. Corrections

Corrections shall be used when relevant errors are identified that require modification or clarification of the published content, but that do not compromise the overall validity of the research or the main conclusions of the study. Corrections may incorporate clarifications, adjustments, or modifications necessary to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of the published information.

13.3. Expressions of Concern

The journal may issue an expression of concern when problems related to the scientific integrity of a publication are identified and the corresponding investigation is undergoing analysis or verification.

The expression of concern shall aim to inform readers of the existence of a pending situation, without anticipating definitive conclusions regarding the facts under investigation.

13.4. Retractions

Retraction shall be used when it is determined that a publication contains serious errors or presents situations that compromise the reliability, integrity, or scientific validity of its content. Among other circumstances, retraction may be applied in cases related to plagiarism, data fabrication or falsification, improper manipulation of results, duplicate publication, or other conduct contrary to scientific ethics that substantially affects the reliability of the publication.

Retractions shall be communicated transparently and remain linked to the corresponding article to preserve the integrity and traceability of the scientific record.

 

14. Inclusivity, Respectful Language, and Non-Discrimination

Ensayos Revista de Economía promotes an academic environment based on respect, diversity of perspectives, and responsible scientific communication. Consequently, the journal fosters professional relationships grounded in integrity, academic courtesy, and recognition of the plurality of approaches in Economics and Finance.

The journal recognizes that the exchange of ideas, academic debate, and critical evaluation are essential elements for the advancement of scientific knowledge. Therefore, it is expected that authors, reviewers, editors, and other participants in the editorial process will maintain respectful and professional conduct during all stages of evaluation, review, editing, and publication.

14.1. Respect for Diversity

The journal values the diversity of theoretical, methodological, disciplinary, institutional, geographic, and cultural approaches present in the scientific community. Differences of opinion, interpretation, or academic perspective shall be addressed through scientific and academic arguments, always preserving respect among participants in the editorial process.

14.2. Responsible Academic Communication

Authors, reviewers, and editors shall ensure that their communications, observations, recommendations, and comments maintain a professional, respectful, and constructive tone. Academic criticism shall be directed at the analysis of the scientific content of manuscripts and not at the personal, professional, or institutional characteristics of their authors.

Likewise, observations, opinions, recommendations, and criteria issued during the editorial process shall, when applicable, be based on academic arguments, verifiable scientific evidence, and relevant specialized literature, thereby strengthening the scientific quality of the evaluated manuscripts.

14.3. Non-Discrimination in Editorial Processes

The journal rejects any form of discrimination that may affect the objectivity, impartiality, or fairness of editorial processes.

Decisions regarding the evaluation, review, acceptance, or rejection of manuscripts shall be based exclusively on scientific, academic, and editorial criteria, without regard to factors unrelated to the quality, relevance, or contribution of the submitted work.

The journal will promote transparent, equitable, and inclusive editorial processes that encourage participation by the scientific community under conditions of respect and equal opportunity.

 

15. Disclaimer of Liability

Ensayos Revista de Economía recognizes that responsibility for published scientific content rests primarily with the authors of each contribution. Consequently, authors are responsible for the originality of their works, the veracity of the data presented, the accuracy of the analyses performed, the proper citation of sources used, and the conclusions derived from their research.

The publication of a manuscript in the journal does not imply that the editorial team, the Editorial Board, the Scientific Advisory Board, the publishing institution, or any other entity linked to the journal necessarily shares, endorses, or adopts the opinions, interpretations, results, or conclusions expressed by the authors.

Therefore, the opinions and statements contained in published articles are the exclusive responsibility of their authors.

The journal is responsible for guaranteeing the integrity, transparency, and quality of its editorial processes. However, it assumes no responsibility for possible errors, omissions, interpretations, or consequences arising from the use of information contained in published manuscripts.

This disclaimer of liability does not limit the journal’s obligation to act in accordance with its editorial policies, its Code of Ethics, and international best practices in scientific publication when errors, ethical violations, or situations that may affect the reliability of the scientific record are identified.